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Chapter 1 Introduction Ð÷ÂÛ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 1 1. 1 Interchangeability »¥»»ÐÔ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 1 1. 2 Standardization and Series of Preferred Values ±ê×¼»¯ÓëÓÅÏÈÊýϵ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 3 1. 3 Purpose of This Course ±¾¿Î³ÌµÄѧϰÈÎÎñ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 5 Exercises 1 Ï°Ìâ1 ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 6 Chapter 2 Size Tolerances and Fits ³ß´ç¹«²îÓëÅäºÏ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 7 2. 1 Basic Terms and Definitions »ù±¾ÊõÓï¼°¶¨Òå¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 7 2. 2 Standards of Tolerances and Fits ¹«²îÓëÅäºÏµÄ¹ú¼Ò±ê×¼¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 17 2. 3 Selection of Tolerances and Fits ¹«²îÓëÅäºÏµÄÑ¡Óá­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 39 Exercises 2 Ï°Ìâ2 ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 47 Chapter 3 Geometrical Tolerances ¼¸ºÎ¹«²î¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 49 3. 1 Basic Concepts »ù±¾¸ÅÄî¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 49 3. 2 Definition of Form Tolerances ÐÎ×´¹«²î¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 56 3. 3 Profile Tolerances ÂÖÀª¶È¹«²î¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 60 3. 4 Orientation Tolerances ·½Ïò¹«²î¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 62 3. 5 Location Tolerances λÖù«²î¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 65 3. 6 Run-out Tolerances Ìø¶¯¹«²î¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 70 3. 7 Tolerance Principles ¹«²îÔ­Ôò¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 74 3. 8 Selection of Geometrical Tolerance ¼¸ºÎ¹«²îµÄÑ¡Óá­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 92 Exercises 3 Ï°Ìâ3 ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 101 Chapter 4 Surface Roughness ±íÃæ´Ö²Ú¶È¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 102 4. 1 Basic Concept of Surface Roughness ±íÃæ´Ö²Ú¶ÈµÄ»ù±¾¸ÅÄî¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 102 4. 2 Evaluation of Surface Roughness ±íÃæ´Ö²Ú¶ÈµÄÆÀ¶¨¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 105 4. 3 Parameter Value of Surface Roughness and Its Selection ±íÃæ´Ö²Ú¶ÈµÄ²ÎÊýÖµ¼°ÆäÑ¡Óá­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 108 4. 4 Surface Roughness Symbol and Its Marking ±íÃæ´Ö²Ú¶È·ûºÅ¼°Æä±ê×¢¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 112 4. 5 Measurement of Surface Roughness ±íÃæ´Ö²Ú¶ÈµÄ¼ì²â¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 119 Exercises 4 Ï°Ìâ4 ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 121 Chapter 5 Fundation of Geometrical Quantity Measurement ¼¸ºÎÁ¿²âÁ¿»ù´¡¡­¡­¡­ 122 5. 1 Introduction ¸ÅÊö¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 122 5. 2 Measurement Standard Datum and Data ²âÁ¿±ê×¼»ù×¼ºÍÊý¾Ý¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 124 5. 3 Metrological Equipments and Measurement Methods ¼ÆÁ¿É豸ºÍ²âÁ¿·½·¨¡­¡­¡­ 126 5. 4 Measurement Error and Data Processing ²âÁ¿Îó²î¼°Êý¾Ý´¦Àí¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 131 Exercises5Ï°Ìâ5 ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 134 Chapter 6 Tolerances and Fits for Typical Parts µäÐÍÁ㲿¼þµÄ¹«²îÓëÅäºÏ¡­¡­¡­¡­ 135 6. 1 Cylindrical Gear Ô²Öù³ÝÂÖ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 135 6. 2 Rolling Bearing ¹ö¶¯Öá³Ð¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 138 6. 3 Key Connection ¼üÁ¬½Ó¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 140 Exercises 6 Ï°Ìâ6 ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 141 References ²Î¿¼ÎÄÏס­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 142